(Student-Oriented Domains: Participation / Family Involvement)
This Appendix is divided into two parts. (1) a list of all states, with an indication of the number of reports sent to NCEO for this analysis, and whether any of the reports included data on students with disabilities in the two targeted domains (only data beyond the federally required enrollment data are counted here); and (2) a reproduction of actual data on students with disabilities included in states reports, in the two domains targeted here.
I. Analysis of All States: Reports that Include Data on Students with Disabilities
State |
Number Reportsa |
Disability Data? b |
Other Comments |
Alabama | 1 |
No |
Data also on internet; report included enrollment data. |
Alaska | 1 |
Yes (1) |
See actual data in next section. |
Arizona | 2 |
Yes (1) |
Data also on internet; see actual data in next section. |
Arkansas | 2 |
No |
|
California | 0 |
No |
Data only on internet. |
Colorado | 1 |
No |
|
Connecticut | 2 |
Yes (1) |
See actual data in next section. Data also on CD-ROM, but not disability data. |
Delaware | 2 |
No |
|
District of Columbia | 1 |
No |
|
Florida | 3 |
No |
|
Georgia | 6 |
No |
|
Hawaii | 2 |
No |
|
Idaho | 2 |
No |
|
Illinois | 3 |
No |
|
Indiana | 0 |
No |
Data only on internet. |
Iowa | 1 |
No |
|
Kansas | 2 |
No |
|
Kentucky | 2 |
No |
|
Louisiana | 4 |
No |
|
Maine | 1 |
Yes (1) |
Data also on internet; see actual data in next section. |
Maryland | 1 |
No |
|
Massachusetts | 1 |
Yes |
Data also on internet; see actual data in next section. |
Michigan | 0 |
No |
Data only on internet. |
Minnesota | 0 |
No |
Data only on internet. |
Mississippi | 1 |
No |
Data only on internet. |
Missouri | 2 |
No |
|
Montana | 2 |
No |
|
Nebraska | 2 |
No |
|
Nevada | 1 |
No |
|
New Hampshire | 6 |
Yes (3) |
See actual data in next section. |
New Jersey | 3 |
No |
|
New Mexico | 1 |
Yes (1) |
|
New York | 5 |
Yes (3) |
Two reports included only disability data. |
North Carolina | 5 |
No |
|
North Dakota | 2 |
No |
State |
Number Reportsa |
Disability Data? b |
Other Comments |
Ohio | 0 |
No |
Data only on internet. |
Oklahoma | 3 |
No |
|
Oregon | 2 |
Yes (1) |
See actual data in next section. |
Pennsylvania | 2 |
No |
Data also on internet. |
Rhode Island | 3 |
No |
|
South Carolina | 4 |
Yes (3) |
See actual data in next section. |
South Dakota | 1 |
No |
|
Tennessee | 0 |
No |
Data only on internet. |
Texas | 0 |
Yes |
Data only on internet; data include students with disabilities for three tests; see actual data in next section. |
Utah | 3 |
No |
Data also on internet. |
Vermont | 3 |
No |
Data also on internet, but not disability data. |
Virginia | 2 |
No |
|
Washington | 2 |
No |
See special note in next section. |
West Virginia | 2 |
No |
|
Wisconsin | 0 |
No |
Data only on internet. |
Wyoming | 3 |
No |
a
This refers to printed documents sent to NCEO for this analysis.b
Addresses only the inclusion of statewide special education data in the targeted domains.Number in parentheses is the number of reports that include data on students with disabilities.
II. Reproduction of Actual Data on Students with Disabilities
Alaska
Alaska provided us with one accountability report that included state level disaggregated special education data in this domain. In addition to the data presented below, this report contained exit data not included here (Alaska Department of Education, 1997).
The Alaska State Department of Education (1997) stated the following about the participation of students with disabilities in large scale assessments:
For six years, beginning in 1989, the academic performance of Alaska students in grades 4, 6, and 8 was assessed in reading, language arts and mathematics using the Iowa Test of Basic Skills (ITBS). In 1995, the Department administered a new standardized test the Survey Battery of the California Achievement Test, Fifth Edition (CAT/5). Although the assessment areas remained the same, the grade levels tested were changed from grades 4, 6, and 8 to grades 4, 8, and 11. (pp. 7-8)
Because 1995-96 was the first year that the CAT/5 was used to assess the performance of Alaska students, the participation data presented below should be viewed as baseline information. (pp. 7-8)
Number of Students Assessed, and Percent Absent and Excluded from the 1995-96 CAT/5 Assessment in Comparison to Previous Years
Year |
# Assessed |
% Assessed |
% Absent |
% Excluded SpecEd and LEP |
1995-96 |
23,987 |
89.6 |
5.7 |
4.7 |
1994-95 |
26,732 |
90.6 |
6.7 |
2.3 |
1993-94 |
26,789 |
92.1 |
4.7 |
3.2 |
1992-93 |
25,930 |
93.0 |
3.2 |
3.8 |
1991-92 |
25,434 |
92.1 |
2.4 |
5.4 |
1990-91 |
24,684 |
94.8 |
2.6 |
2.6 |
1989-1990 |
23,372 |
94.5 |
NA |
NA |
Alaska State Department of Education (1997), p. 8
This table also reflects a slight decrease in the percentage of students assessed compared to enrollment at the time of testing. The number of SpEd and LEP students excluded from the 1995-96 CAT/5 assessment (1,061 SpEd students, and 205 LEP students), is a two-fold increase in the percentage excluded the previous year. (pp. 8-9)
Arizona
Arizona provided us with two accountability reports, one of which included state level special education data in this domain. In addition to the data below, this report contained enrollment data not included here (Arizona Department of Education, 1997a). Arizona also had educational data available on the World Wide Web that did not include any state level special education data in this domain.
The Arizona State Department of Education (1997a) stated the following about the participation of students with disabilities in large scale assessments:
For the 1995-1996 school year, the Arizona State Board of Education mandated testing at grades 4, 7, and 10. Under contract with Riverside Publishing Company, the Iowa Tests of Basic Skills (ITBS) were administered at grades 4 and 7 and the Tests of Achievement and Proficiency (TAP) at grade 10. Test scores are reported by subject, subtest, and skill at the pupil and classroom levels. Aggregated scores are provided for the school, district, county, and state levels. (pg. 1)
A total of 156,339 Arizona pupils in grades 4, 7, and 10 were tested during the fall of 1995 under the mandated statewide achievement testing program. A total of 6,235 pupils who were LEP were exempted from testing as were 7,424 disabled pupils. The test results in this report are based on the performance of the tested pupils for grades 4, 7, and 10 who were enrolled in 1,148 schools in 254 districts statewide. (p. 1)
Number of Exempted Disabled Pupils in 1995 from Statewide Testing
Category |
Grade 4 |
Grade 7 |
Grade 10 |
Total |
Disabled | 3,163 | 2,529 | 1,732 | 7,424 |
Mild Mental Retardation | 284 | 268 | 260 | 812 |
Moderate Mental Retardation | 92 | 94 | 129 | 315 |
Sever Mental Retardation | 10 | 14 | 5 | 20 |
Emotional Disability | 174 | 220 | 158 | 552 |
Specific Learning Disability | 2,184 | 1,714 | 1,004 | 4,902 |
Multiple Disabilities | 63 | 54 | 67 | 184 |
Autism | 17 | 9 | 8 | 34 |
Visually Impaired | 9 | 14 | 3 | 26 |
Hearing Impaired | 28 | 24 | 21 | 73 |
Orthopedically Impaired | 15 | 19 | 11 | 45 |
Speech or Language Impaired | 263 | 78 | 45 | 386 |
Traumatic Brain Injury | 7 | 3 | 9 | 19 |
Other Health Impaired | 17 | 18 | 12 | 47 |
Arizona Department of Education (1997), p. 12
Connecticut
Connecticut provided us with two accountability reports, one of which included state level special education data in this domain. This report also contained enrollment data, exit data, and data on the presence and participation of special education students in various settings, which are not included here. Connecticut also provided us with a CD-ROM that did not include state level special education data in this domain (Connecticut Department of Education, 1997a, p. 1.).
The Connecticut State Department of Education (1997a) stated the following regarding the participation of students with disabilities in large scale assessments:
In 1995-96, 80.1 percent (14,125 students) of the special education students in Grades 4, 6, and 8 took the CMT on grade level. This includes students who were partially tested. An additional 443 students took a lower grade-level form of the test. Increased attention to testing students with disabilities and improved matching of testing and student data have resulted in improved participation rates. The participation rate (i.e., 80.1%) is a 20.3 percentage point increase over the previous year. (pg. 12).
Table 5
Special Ed Students exempted from 1995 Connecticut Mastery Test
Grades 4,6, and 8 | Number |
Percent |
Students taking test, all/part | 14,125 | 80.1 |
Students fully exempted | 983 | 5.6 |
Student, status not recorded | 2,534 | 14.4 |
TOTAL | 17,642 | 100.0 |
Connecticut State Department of Education (1997a) p. 12
The Connecticut State Department of Education (1997a) stated the following about participation of students with disabilities on the CAPT:
In 1995-96, 52.1% of the special education students in 10th grade took the CAPT. This was a 12.9% increase in participation rate compared to 1994-95 when only 39.2% of special education students took the test. (p. 2-3)
Maine
Maine provided us with one accountability report. It did include state level special education data in this domain other than enrollment and dropout data not included here (Maine Department of Education, 1996). The Maine State Department of Education also had educational data available on the World Wide Web (Maine Department of Education, 1997).
Under the heading "Summary of Scores and Students Tested," the Maine State Department of Education (1996) stated the following about the participation of students with disabilities in large scale assessments:
Below are several statistics concerning the number of students who were enrolled in Grade 8 and those who actually were tested are reported. Because sufficient time was provided for makeup testing, schools were expected to administer the full battery of tests to all students with the exception of some students with an identified disability, students with limited English proficiency who could not meaningfully respond to the test, and students who were chronically absent from school. (p. 1)
Reporting Category |
Number |
Percentage |
Students Excluded from Report: | ||
Students totally excluded from testing (took no session of the assessment) due to identified disability | 539 | 3 |
Students partially excluded from testing (for some but not all sessions of the assessment) due to an identified disability | 400 | 2 |
Students tested, but excluded from report because they receive special education and related services for more than 60% of the school day in a composite or self-contained program (categories 24 or 25 on EF-S-204 | 148 | 1 |
All others: Totally excluded from testing | 183 | 1 |
All others: Partially excluded from testing | 333 | 2 |
Students with an Identified Disability (included in this report) | 1060 | 6 |
All others (included in this report) | 14693 | 85 |
Total | 15753 | 91 |
Percentage of students with an identified disability included in the report and all others (the number of students with an identified disability included divided by the number of students with an identified disability enrolled) | NA | 49 |
Percentage of all other students included in the report (the number of all other students included divided by the number of all other students enrolled) | NA | 97 |
Maine Department of Education (1997) p. 1
Massachusetts
Massachusetts had educational data available on the World Wide Web. These data did include state level special education data in this domain as well as enrollment data not included here. Massachusetts also provided us with one accountability report that did not include state level special education data in this domain (Massachusetts Department of Education, 1997b).
The Massachusetts State Department of Education (1997b) stated the following about the participation of students with disabilities in large scale assessments:
The table below presents information on the percentage of enrolled students participating in the MEAP at grades 4, 8, and 10 and the percentage of students exempted from testing. Approximately 90 percent of the students at grades 4 and 8 and 85 percent of the students at grade 10 participated in the 1994 and 1996 administrations of the MEAP. The percentage of enrolled students who qualified for exemptions due to special needs or bilingual status is comparable across grades. In 1996, students with these classifications accounted for 78 percent of the exclusions at grade 4 but only 48 percent of the exclusions at grade 10.
1996 MEAP (Massachusetts Education Assessment Program)
Grade | Number Enrolled |
% Tested |
% Special Needs not Tested |
Absence (%) |
Exemption (%) |
Grade 4 | 71,023 | 90 | 10 | 7 | 2 |
Grade 8 | 65,168 | 89 | 11 | 7 | 3 |
Grade 10 | 59,681 | 85 | 15 | 5 | 8 |
Massachusetts Department of Education (1997b), unnumbered Web pages
New Hampshire
New Hampshire provided us with six documents. Three of these contained data on students with disabilities in this domain.
The following table combines information from three reports about the populations of students who were not included in testing (total not tested and "excluded: educationally disabled"). The reports also included the number and percent of students excluded as "non - or limited-English proficient," "absent," and "other." Additional information on testing in New Hampshire, and test scores of students with disabilities who took the test, is in Appendix B.
Students Not Included in Testing on the
New Hampshire Educational Improvement and Assessment Program
Total Not Tested |
Excluded: Ed Disabled |
|||
Grade Level and Subject | N |
% |
N |
% |
3rd Grade English Language Arts | 820 | 5 | 660 | 4 |
3rd Grade Mathematics | 466 | 3 | 340 | 2 |
6th Grade English Language Arts | 520 | 3 | 363 | 2 |
6th Grade Mathematics | 378 | 3 | 272 | 2 |
6th Grade Science | 360 | 2 | 245 | 2 |
6th Grade Social Studies | 399 | 3 | 255 | 2 |
10th Grade English Language Arts | 721 | 6 | 203 | 2 |
10th Grade Mathematics | 648 | 5 | 170 | 1 |
10th Grade Science | 716 | 6 | 179 | 1 |
10th Grade Social Studies | 761 | 6 | 178 | 1 |
Data taken from New Hampshire Department of Education (1996a), p. 2; (1996b), p. 2; (1996c), p. 2
New Jersey
New Jersey provided us with three documents. All three contained data on students with disabilities in this domain.
Two of the documents were regular education reports that contained data on participation in large scale assessment. One was a special education report that contained very detailed enrollment data, most of which are not reported here. The report also included exit data, dropout data, and data on the presence and participation of special education students in various settings not included here. New Jersey provided a Glossary of Abbreviations for the reader (see NJ State Department of Education, 1996, p 67).
Two of the documents sent to us by New Jersey contained data on the participation of students with disabilities in state-wide testing for grades 8 and 10. While these documents reported on the number of students with disabilities who were tested, they did not indicate the percentage of students with disabilities who were tested. Test scores for students with disabilities were not given in the reports and the scores of students with disabilities were excluded from the scores of general education students.
Category |
Rdg |
Math |
Writing |
Rdg |
Math |
Writing |
Number of Regular Students Enrolled a | 71,843 | 71,843 | 71,843 | 10,025 |
9,346 |
7,062 |
Number of Regular Students Tested b | 70891 | 70,821 | 70,737 | 1,335 |
1,229 |
1,129 |
Tested Students Coded Special Education | 8,300 | 8,260 | 8,217 | 1,980 |
1,578 |
1,831 |
Tested Students Coded LEPc | 1,986 | 1,994 | 1,970 | 7 |
8 |
6 |
Tested Students Coded Both Sp Ed & LEP | 37 | 38 | 34 | 239 |
252 |
272 |
Total Voids | 527 | 630 | 777 | 13,572 |
12,397 |
10,288 |
Total Studentsd | 81,667 | 81,667 | 81,667 |
Grade 8 data taken from New Jersey State Department of Education (1995b), no page number given. Grade 10 data taken from New Jersey State Department of Education Office of Special Education Programs (1996), p. 61.
a
Districts provided on their school header(s) a single estimate of regular students enrolled at the time of testing.b
Excludes special education, limited English proficient students, and voided student answer folders.c
Excludes voided answer folders.d
Includes regular, special education, limited English proficient students, and voided answer booklets.
New Mexico
New Mexico provided us with one document. This document did not contain data on students with disabilities in this domain. The document did contain enrollment data that are not included in this report (see New Mexico State Department of Education 1996). No specific data on the participation of students with disabilities were given in the report.
New York
New York provided us with five reports. Three of these contained data on students with disabilities in this domain. These documents also contained enrollment data, exit data, dropout data, and data on the presence and participation of special education students in various settings not included here.
The University of New York et al. (1997a) provided the number of students taking the PEP test and the Regents Competency Test from 1991 to 1996. However, the actual percentage of students with disabilities taking the tests was not given. The following data were taken from the tables reproduced in Appendix B, which also provided the percent of students scoring above the State Reference Point (SRP) for these tests.
Number of Students with Disabilities Tested in Pupil Evaluation Program Test
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
|
Grade 3 Reading | 18754 | 19798 | 20281 | 21613 | 22556 | 23876 |
Grade 3 Mathematics | 18691 | 19626 | 20191 | 21386 | 22716 | 24118 |
Grade 5 Writing | 19461 | 20509 | 21775 | 22943 | 23690 | 24986 |
Grade 6 Reading | 21401 | 22133 | 23248 | 24238 | 25080 | 25575 |
Grade 6 Mathematics | 20847 | 21719 | 22430 | 23260 | 24624 | 25473 |
Data taken from the University of the State of New York et. al. (1997a), p. 193, Table 7.9
Number of Students with Disabilities Tested in Regents Competency Test
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
|
Mathematics | 17692 | 17803 | 17234 | 18604 | 19979 | 22735 |
Science | 15328 | 16219 | 15543 | 17257 | 18464 | 19891 |
Reading | 9302 | 9778 | 9799 | 9080 | 9600 | 15460 |
Writing | 7337 | 7935 | 7780 | 7869 | 7797 | 10681 |
Global Studies | 10121 | 10565 | 10943 | 11902 | 12060 | 15072 |
U.S. History and Government | 6880 | 7659 | 7915 | 8148 | 8081 | 9242 |
Data taken from the University of the State of New York et. al. (1997a), p. 194, Table 7.11
The University of New York et al. (1996b) provided the percent of students with disabilities who participated in testing in 1993-94 and 1994-95. These data were also included in Appendix B along with the percent of students scoring above the SRP.
Pupil Evaluation Program(PEP) and Program Evaluation Test (PET):
Participation |
Exemption Based on Committee Recommendations |
||||||
PEP | 1993-94 |
1994-95 |
# |
% |
PET | # |
% |
Gr 3 Reading | 90.2 | 91.0 | 2,227 | 9.0 | Gr 4 Science | 1,793 | 7.0 |
Gr 3 Math | 90.9 | 92.0 | 1,977 | 8.0 | Gr 6 Social Studies | 2,362 | 9.2 |
Gr 5 Writing | 92.4 | 92.7 | 1,874 | 7.3 | Gr 8 Social Studies | 2,243 | 10.1 |
Gr 6 Reading | 91.8 | 91.6 | NA |
NA |
Tot Exempt 94-95 | 17,008 | 8.4 |
Gr 6 Math | 91.7 | 91.7 | 2,304 | 8.4 | Tot Exempt 93-94 | 15,743 | 8.8 |
Data taken from the University of the State of New York et al. (1996a), p. I.21
Total Exempt includes information from both PEP and PET.
Failure to Graduate (Students with Disabilities who were Candidates for 1994-95 Graduation)
Reason for Failure | Did not Complete Local Coursework Only | Did not Complete Competency Test Requirements Only | Did not Complete Local Course Requirements and Competency Test Requirements |
# Students | 575 | 158 | 311 |
Data taken from The University of the State of New York et al. (1996a), p. I.21
Workforce Preparation Programs and Post Education Outcomes
Other unique educational indicators used by the state of New York are enrollment of students with disabilities in workforce preparation programs and the outcomes of these programs. The VESID: 1996 Pocketbook of Goals and Results for Individuals with Disabilities compared students with and without disabilities who were enrolled in occupational education programs, indicating that very few students in special education (1.4%) participated in these programs.
Percentage of School-Aged Students with Disabilities in Workforce Preparation Programs
% Students in General Education Participating in Occupational Education Programs | 11.24 |
% Students Receiving Special Education Services Participating in General Occupational Education Programs | 1.4 |
Data taken from The University of the State of New York et al. (1996b), p. 17
The VESID: 1996 Pocketbook of Goals and Results for Individuals with Disabilities also provided the number of individuals with disabilities attending post secondary education programs, and the percent of students in these programs who obtain jobs. Job placement information is also given.
Enrollment of Individuals with Disabilities in Higher Education Programs
Year | No. of All Individuals Attending Institutions of Higher Education who were Self-Identified Individuals with Disabilities |
1991-92 | 20,099 |
1993-94 | 24,953 |
1994-95 | 26,048 |
Data taken from the University of the State of New York et al. (1996b), p. 19
Enrollment of Individuals with Disabilities in Other Postsecondary Education Programs
Year | All Individuals in Adult Education Programs who were Self-Identified Individuals with Disabilities | All Individuals in Tech Prep Programs were Self-Identified Individuals with Disabilities |
1993-94 | 10,409 | 161 |
1994-95 | 11,087 | 736 |
Data taken from The University of the State of New York et al. (1996b), p. 20
Note: Identical information is also provided in the Consolidated Special Education
Performance Report (University of the State of New York 1996a, p. I.24)
"Job Placements for VESID Consumers"
See Appendix B for this information.
The University of the State of New York et al. 1996b, p. 23
Miscellaneous Indicators: Procedural Safeguards. New York is one of the few states that provided information about the use of procedural safeguards by students with disabilities and their families. The following information contained data on impartial hearings and appeals from 1992-93 to 1994-95 by the issue that was appealed. Data are also provided on the number of impartial hearings given from 1982-83 to 1994-95. These data were taken from more comprehensive charts and reproduced in the tables below.
# Impartial Hearings (LEA level) |
# Appeals (SEA level) |
|||||
Issue | 1992-93 |
1993-94 |
1994-95 |
1992-93 |
1993-94 |
1994-95 |
IEP | 239 | 335 | 437 | 10 | 9 | 3 |
Placement | 184 | 180 | 337 | | | 24 |
Classification | 65 | 77 | 79 | | | |
Evaluation | 57 | 68 | 82 | 8 | 4 | 3 |
Total | 609 | 757 | 1,135 | 44 | 49 | 49 |
The University of the State of New York et al. (1996a), p. I.32
Note: Only four issue categories, plus the totals, are presented here. A total of 26 categories were presented in the original report
Impartial Hearings Conducted on Behalf of Students with Disabilities Over Years
Year |
Number of Hearings |
Total # Students |
Year |
Number of Hearings |
Total # Students |
1994-95 | 1,135 | 374,361* | 1987-88 | 537 | 284,121 |
1993-94 | 757 | 359,783* | 1986-87 | 477 | 283,518 |
1992-93 | 609 | 332,321* | 1985-86 | 467 | 283,567 |
1991-92 | 500 | 292,347 | 1984-85 | 471 | 286,971 |
1990-91 | 465 | 288,731 | 1983-84 | 436 | 250,616 |
1989-90 | 602 | 306,007 | 1982-83 | 393 | 250,817 |
1988-89 | 547 | 290,479 |
*Data for 1992-93 to 1994-95 represent the number of students with disabilities, ages 3 to 21, provided special education programs or services pursuant to Part B of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act and Chapter 1 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act.
Data taken from The University of the State of New York et al. (1996a), p. I.33
The report also provided a narrative account of a voluntary mediation program, entitled "Special Education Mediation" that has been successful in resolving mediation issues in 147 school districts. According to the report:
During 1994-95, five mediations were requested and conducted; in all cases, concerns/issues were resolved. Based on information received from school districts and parents, special education mediation is more timely, less costly, and less adversarial than an impartial hearing. (p. I.33)
Students Returning to General Education. Another indicator included in the Consolidated Special Education Performance Report is for those students with disabilities, ages 14-21 who had received special education and "returned to general education as a result of having met the objectives included in their IEP" (p. I.24). According to the report "these students no longer have an IEP and receive all educational services from a general education program" (p. I.24.)
Students Returning to General Education
Total Students with Disabilities | Number returned to general education | Percent |
122,426 | 5,075 | 4.2 |
Data taken from the University of the State of New York et al. (1996b), p. I.24
Oregon
Oregon provided us with two accountability reports, one of which did include special education data other than enrollment and the presence and participation of special education students in various settings in this domain (OR Department of Education, 1997b). Both accountability reports contained special education enrollment data, including enrollment by disability, enrollment in the Oregon School for the Deaf, enrollment in the Oregon School for the Blind, and enrollment by primary disability of juvenile offenders housed in the Oregon Youth Authority correctional facilities.
The Oregon State Department of Education (1997b) stated the following regarding the about the participation of students with disabilities in large scale assessments:
The table below lists participation rates for special education students who participated in the Statewide Reading Assessment of 1993-1994. The purpose of the Oregon Statewide Assessment Program (OSAP) is to determine students level of performance on the Oregon content standards. All students in grades 3, 5, 8 and 10 take the reading, writing, and mathematics assessments of the OSAP. Students who achieve a criterion level on the state content standards will receive a Certificate of Initial Mastery (CIM). In order to obtain the CIM, a student must meet the specified benchmarks in all three measurement formats. If there is doubt as to whether a student should be tested, the instructions specify that the student should be tested. Some students required modifications in order to participate. Students who participate under modified conditions or are exempted from testing will have a special code marked on their answer sheet. Their scores are not aggregated in state and school summaries (OR Department of Education, 1997b, pp. 52-53,).
Estimated Participation Rates for Special Education Students (1993-94 Reading Assessment)
Assessment | December Count |
Modified or Exempt |
Percent Mod/Exempt |
Standard Administration |
3rd Grade | 5,095 | 2,287 | 44.89 | 2,808 |
5th Grade | 5,239 | 1,557 | 29.72 | 3,682 |
8th Grade | 4,022 | 799 | 19.87 | 3,223 |
11th Grade | 2,664 | 440 | 16.52 | 2,224 |
Oregon Department of Education (1997b), p. 52
The following special study includes data on post high school experience and employment. A four-year study of OSD graduates shows clearly what former students are doing, providing accurate information for the direction of the educational program at OSD. Table 4 displays the results of this study. Examples of employers include: Boeing, Mervyns, State Farm, Willamette Industries, Praegitzer Industries, state agencies, Morrow Snowboards, Xerox, U.S. Postal Service, Nike, Salem Hospital, Tektronix, Sprint.
OSD Graduates Follow Along Study 1991-1995
Post High School Experience | Percent |
Employment areas Include: | Percent |
Community college experience | 28 | Clerical | 2 |
Four-year college experience | 14 | Trades (e.g. autobody) | 20 |
Work | 32 | Service Industry | 33 |
Supported work | 11 | Agriculture | 0 |
Homemaker | 7 | Sheltered workshop | 20 |
Unknown/unemployed | 8 | Housewives | 10 |
Unknown | 13 | ||
Professional/tech | 2 |
Data taken from Oregon Department of Education (1997b), p. 26
Oregon also provided information on students with disabilities in the domain of family involvement (Oregon State Department of Education, 1997b). The following 1994-95 data were from Oregons Special Education report "1996 Status report: Special education, student services, and compensatory education." This report included data on a special program, Together for Children (TFC) parent education program in Oregon for families considered to be at risk for having children with disabilities. Risk factors considered for the program included single or step-parented families, teen parents, low income, children with special needs, and some first-time parents.
TFC (Together for Children)
Number of Families Served | 423 |
Number of Children Served | 405 |
% Single Parent Families | 56 |
% Teen Parents | 12 |
Data taken from Oregon State Department of Education, (1997b), p. 84
The report did not include data on the number of parents or children with disabilities included in the program.
South Carolina
South Carolina provided us with four accountability reports, three of which (SC Department of Education, 1996a; South Carolina Department of Education, 1996c; SC Department of Education, 1996d) included Educational Processes data, other than enrollment data, on students with disabilities. Two of the reports (1996b, 1996d) contained enrollment data on students with disabilities (which are not included here).
The participation rates in the table below refer to participation by students with a disability on the Stanford/8 and MAT/7 assessments and/or Basic Skills Assessment Program (BSAP). Disability was not defined in the documents (SC Department of Education, 1996a, p.5; SC Department of Education, 1996c, p.7).
Students with Disability and Tested**
1991-92 |
1992-93 |
1993-94 |
1994-95 |
1995-96 |
9.1 |
6.5 |
7.3 |
9.7 |
10.2 |
**Comparisons are not reported in this category because percentages vary widely at different grade levels.
Note: Denominators for percents tested exclude enrollment for grades that are not tested.
Data taken from South Carolina Department of Education (1996a), p. 5; (1996c), p.7
Students Tested and Exempted from Testing (MAT/7) in 1995 and 1996
Students | Grade 4 |
Grade 5 |
Grade 7 |
Grade 9 |
Grade 11 |
Total |
1995 # Tested |
47,727 | 46,980 | 49,064 | 50,657 | 31,397 | 225,825 |
% Tested | 93 | 93 | 93 | 86 | 85 | 90 |
# Exempted** | 3,080 | 3,067 | 2,367 | 1,963 | 1,916 | 12,393 |
% Exempted** | 6 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 5 |
1996 # Tested |
46,971 | 47,405 | 47,883 | 50,561 | 32,279 | 225,099 |
% Tested | 92 | 92 | 92 | 85 | 86 | 90 |
# Exempted** | 3,619 | 3,640 | 3,071 | 3,481 | 2,177 | 15,988 |
% Exempted** | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
Data taken from South Carolina Department of Education (1996d), p. 1, Appendix C
**Increase in student exemptions for the state is due to 2,557 (24%) more students with identified disabilities and instructional plans stating testing is inappropriate, 74 (30%) more students with English as a second language and unable to function in MAT7 testing situation, and 841 (99%) more students participating in the 12 Schools project and electing not to participate in MAT7 testing.
Below are the participation rates for participation in South Carolinas Basic Skill Assessment Program (BSAP).
Students Tested and Exempted from Testing (BSAP) in 1995 and 1996
Students | Grade 3 |
Grade 6 |
Grade 8 |
Grade 10 |
Total |
1995 # Tested |
47,339 | 48,131 | 48,217 | 40,744 | 184,431 |
% Tested | 93 | 93 | 95 | 89 | 93 |
# Exempted** | 3,172 | 2,595 | 1,752 | 470 | 7,989 |
% Exempted** | 6 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 4 |
1996 # Tested |
46,459 | 47,561 | 48,051 | 41,813 | 183,884 |
% Tested | 92 | 93 | 94 | 89 | 92 |
# Exempted** | 3,987 | 3,208 | 2,189 | 1,665 | 11,049 |
% Exempted** | 8 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 6 |
Data taken from South Carolina Department of Education (1996d), p. 1, Appendix D
**Increase in student exemptions for the state is due to 3,164 (46%) more students with identified disabilities and instructional plans stating that testing is inappropriate and 95 (74%) more students with English as a second language and unable to function in BSAP testing.
For further detail on participation by grades on the BSAP and MAT/7 in South Carolina, please refer to Appendix B.
Texas
Texas had educational data available on the World Wide Web. These data did include data on students with disabilities in this domain (TX Education Agency, 1996). The World Wide Web also contained enrollment data, exit data, and data on the presence and participation of special education students in various settings not included here.
The Texas Education Agency(1996) stated the following about the participation of students with disabilities in large scale assessments:
TAAS exemptions refer to the percent of students exempted from taking the TAAS reading, writing or math tests (Web pages, p. 12 of 15, TX Education Agency, 1996). A student "may be exempted from the test if he or she (1) has received a special education exemption as determined by an admission, review, and dismissal committee and specified in the students individual education plan; or (2) has received a limited English proficiency exemption, as determined by a language proficiency assessment committee and documented in the students permanent record file." The limited English proficiency exemption is not an option for exit-level students (Web pages, p. 12 of 15, TX Education Agency, 1996).
Percentage of Students Exempted from Taking Portions of the TAAS
Special Education Students | Math |
Reading |
Writing |
% of All Students who are Exempted and Special Education | 6.9 | 7.3 | 7.0 |
% of Special Education Students Exempted | 52.6 | 54.8 | 55.9 |
Black | 11.1 | 11.4 | 11.0 |
American Indian | 8.1 | 8.5 | 7.4 |
Hispanic | 7.4 | 7.8 | 7.3 |
Asian | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.1 |
White | 5.7 | 6.0 | 6.0 |
Female | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.6 |
Male | 9.0 | 9.5 | 9.3 |
Economically Disadvantaged | 10.3 | 10.7 | 10.7 |
Texas Education Agency (1996), unnumbered Web pages